Bai Dinh Pagoda: Vietnam’s Largest Spiritual Complex in Ninh Binh

Hidden behind a dramatic range of limestone mountains in Gia Sinh Commune, Gia Vien District, Bai Dinh Pagoda stands as one of the most impressive spiritual destinations in Vietnam. Although the construction site may appear vast and unfinished at first glance, the sheer scale and grandeur of the complex leave a powerful impression on any visitor. With its back leaning against Bai Dinh Mountain, rising 200 meters high, the pagoda reflects the majestic spirit of ancient Vietnamese architecture.

Overview of Bai Dinh Pagoda Complex

Covering over 80 hectares, Pagoda is part of the wider “Bai Dinh spiritual cultural area,” located within the UNESCO-listed Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex. This massive spiritual site includes:

• Tam The Temple (Temple of Past, Present, and Future Buddhas)
• The Dharma Temple
• The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara Sanctuary
• The Bell Tower
• A grand three-door entrance gate
• Dormitories for monks
• A large artificial lake inspired by Yen Stream near Perfume Pagoda

The semicircular lake at the front of the valley further enhances the landscape, creating a serene scene of water and mountains, an iconic hallmark of Ninh Binh.

Architectural Highlights and Record-Breaking Features

The two most significant structures in the complex are the Tam The Temple and the Dharma Temple, each covering up to 1,000 m²—far larger than traditional Vietnamese pagodas. The Dharma Temple, standing 22 meters tall, houses several record-setting bronze statues admired by millions of visitors.

Record-Holding Bronze Statues

Bai Dinh Pagoda is renowned for its extraordinary collection of giant bronze statues:

• Three Tam The statues
  – 12 m tall
  – 50 tons each
• Great Buddha Sakyamuni statue
  – 16 m tall
  – 100 tons

All statues were cast with fine Russian bronze by master artisans from Y Yen, Nam Dinh, one of Vietnam’s most respected bronze-casting villages.

The complex also features a 60-ton bronze bell, placed atop a hill. According to craftsmen, it would take a massive wooden beam and several people working together to ring it.

The Famous 500 Arhat Statues

One of the most astonishing sights at the pagoda is the stunning collection of 500 Arhat statues stretching along the hillside beside the Dharma Temple. Each statue stands 2.3 meters tall and is meticulously carved from monolithic green stone.

These statues were crafted based on designs and inspirations collected from China, and their creation provided steady work for the artisans of Ninh Van stone village for several years.

Old Bai Dinh Pagoda: A Quiet Sacred Corner

About 2 km from the new complex lies the Old Bai Dinh Pagoda, accessible through a modest three-door gate and a steep mountain path. Covered in moss and surrounded by untouched nature, the old pagoda offers a peaceful atmosphere and a glimpse into ancient spiritual traditions—perfect for travelers seeking calmness and authenticity.

Cultural Importance and Heritage Value

Recognized as a national cultural and historical site in 1997, this place is not only a place of worship but also a symbol of Vietnam’s spiritual heritage. Upon completion, the complex became the largest Buddhist center in Vietnam, marking the celebration of the 1,000th anniversary of Thang Long – Hanoi in 2010.

With its blend of rich history, magnificent architecture, and stunning natural surroundings, Bai Dinh Pagoda has become one of the must-visit attractions in Ninh Binh.

Why Visit Bai Dinh Pagoda?

• Experience one of Asia’s largest Buddhist complexes
• Explore record-breaking bronze statues and unique stone carvings
• Enjoy panoramic mountain views and peaceful walking paths
• Learn about Vietnamese spiritual history and architecture
• Visit both the old pagoda and the new monumental complex

Here are some tours in Ninh Binh you can explore:

Wrap up Your trip

Bai Dinh Pagoda is more than a religious landmark, it’s a breathtaking blend of culture, history, and natural beauty. Whether you’re seeking spiritual connection, architectural wonders, or scenic landscapes, this grand complex offers an unforgettable experience.

If you are planning a trip to Ninh Binh, don’t miss the chance to explore this extraordinary spiritual destination.